University of Auckland
Paparoa Track by Phoebe Smith from wander
New Zealand Tūī by Jan Andersson at ebird.org. Tūī are known for their cheeky personalities
Image from commons.
“But hunt for a central term that describes what all these have in common, and what do we have? Geospatial is perhaps the strongest contender, but it’s an adjective: “What do you do?” “I do geospatial. . .er. . .stuff.”1
Rodin’s Le Penseur cropped from commons.wikimedia.org by Douglas O’Brien
What does it mean to retreat from knowledge to information? Knowledge is about ideas, about putting ideas together into integrated systems of thought we call disciplines. Information is about facts, about separating out a particular feature of a situation and recording it as an autonomous observation. (Taylor 19901, page 212)
Spoiler: I don’t think so
the fundamental element of geographical information is the tuple \[ T=\langle x,y,z_1,z_2\ldots z_n\rangle \]
[a]s soon as you have settled […] what you mean by a definite place in space-time, you can adequately state the relation of a particular material body to space-time by saying that it is just there, in that place; and, so far as simple location is concerned, there is nothing more to be said on the subject (Whitehead [1925] 19671, page 50)
giscience […] should really “never again be quite the comfortable retreat for the technically minded” (Goodchild, 20062, page 687), which it remains, in spite of the best efforts of critical GIS scholars. (page 254, emphasis added)
Thatcher JE, LR Bergmann and D O’Sullivan. 2016. Searching for common ground (again). In International Conference on GIScience Short Paper Proceedings eds. JA Miller, D O’Sullivan and N Wiegand, 304–307.
Pīwakawaka (fantail) by Phoebe Smith from wander
Image source flickr.com by Bernard Spragg
SDSS December 2025